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Verslag TC211 Symposium Brussel 29 mei - 2 juni Onderdeel Geokunststoffen
TC211 is Technische commissie binnen de ISSMGE (International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering) die zich bezig houdt met grondverbetering.
The influence of subsoil reaction in a basal reinforced piled embankment
The behaviour of a geosynthetic reinforcement (GR) in a piled embankment depends on the amount of arching, membrane reaction and subsoil reaction. This paper considers the subsoil reaction as described in the guidelines for piled embankments of the Netherlands (CUR 2010) and Germany (EBGEO 2010) and suggests a modification. This suggested modification leads in most cases to a larger influence of the subsoil reaction. A series of nineteen 3D piled embankment model experiments was performed, partly published earlier in Van Eekelen et al. (2012). One of the advantages of the test set-up is the ability to measure the complete load distribution. This paper compares the results of three tests with EBGEO/CUR and the suggested analytical modification and focussing especially on the load distribution between the GR and subsoil. Comparison of the predictions and measurements show that the suggested analytical modification of the subsoil reaction results in more accurate predictions.
The role of knowledge and research in two case studies on cross-border Maritime Spatial Planning in the southern North Sea
Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is worldwide advocated as a promising tool for implementing ecosystem based maritime spatial management, which should resolve inter-sectoral and cross-border conflicts over maritime space. The MASPNOSE project, which forms the basis for this paper, is a Preparatory Action on Maritime Spatial Planning in the North Sea, funded by the DG MARE. The project has experimented with cross-border MSP in two case studies: Thornton Bank and Dogger Bank. This was done through the exploration of the possibilities of cooperation among stakeholders and between countries establishing elements for a common agenda for the cross-border cooperation. This paper focuses on the question what the role of knowledge and research was in the two planning initiatives.
Modern geotechnical design codes of practice
Target reliabilities and partial factors for flood defenses in the Netherlands
Modern codes of practice such as Eurocode strive to provide design rules including partial factors with an appropriate level of safety for a wide range of applications. The target reliability levels and partial factors in such codes are not equally efficient for all applications, since they are calibrated to work well in both typical and unusual situations. For large engineered systems like flood defense systems with large potential consequences and substantial investments in improvement and maintenance, it is worthwhile to develop tailor-made solutions. This paper describes the approach adopted in the Netherlands to develop safety requirements to flood defenses such as partial factors for dikes within an acceptable risk framework accounting for system reliability aspects. The main steps herein are to define a risk-informed target reliability for the whole system (i.e. including all elements and failure modes), to derive target reliabilities for specific elements (e.g. dike sections) and failure modes and to calibrate partial factors on the latter. After describing those steps, the paper provides an application example for the uplift and piping failure mode (i.e. internal erosion).
Specifieke emissies naar het oppervlaktewater in het Antwerpse Havengebied
Inventarisatie van de havenspecifieke emissies op het oppervlaktewater in het Antwerps havengebied. De nadruk ligt hierbij op de emissies vanuit diffuse bronnen van PAK's, zware metalen en nutriënten. Daarnaast is er een vergelijking uitgevoerd van alle berekende emissies met de reeds beschikbare gegevens uit de Emissie Inventaris Water (EIW) van de Vlaamse Milieu Maatschappij (VMM). Op basis van gegevens uit de Nederlandse EmissieRegistratie, de Vlaamse Emissie Inventaris water en gegevens van het Gemeentelijk Havenbedrijf Antwerpen zijn schattingen gemaakt voor een 16-tal emissiebronnen die vallen onder de activiteiten zeevaart, binnenvaart, spoorwegen, wegverkeer, calamiteiten en waterbouw.
Smart levees : updating piping reliability with head monitoring
Uplift and piping are important failure mechanisms of levees in terms of their contribution to the total probability of failure of flood defense systems in the Netherlands. The reliability for this combined failure mode uses to be dominated by uncertain ground conditions, especially by the blanket thickness and the permeability of the aquifer. Such uncertainties can be reduced by incorporating additional information by means of Bayesian Updating. This study explores how active pore pressure monitoring can affect the piping reliability and how we can assess the uncertain effects of future monitoring campaigns for judging their (expected) cost-effectiveness.
Examples of data combining techniques for assessment of urban flood defences
Traditional assessment methods of flood protection embankments rely on a set of data to reach the assessment. In such a traditional framework, it is difficult to use additional information for the assessment, even if this information is very valuable. In another paper (Van der Meij et al., 2012), a theoretical framework is presented on how to combine fundamentally different data types and data sources. This paper shows through a number of examples how this theory is applied at different stages of the analysis.
Simulating storm impacts and coastal flooding along the Netherlands coast
Flooding of coastal areas is driven by a combination of tides, storm surges and waves, and the dynamic response of the coast. In the Netherlands the coast consists mainly of sandy dunes which can respond dramatically to storm forcing. There is a need to be able to predict the onset of a coastal flooding event, so that necessary preparations can be taken. This paper describes the COSMOS (Coastal Storm Modelling System), an operational model system to predict storm impact on dunes along the central Netherlands coast. The system consists of coupled numerical models and bathymetric estimation from video data. COSMOS can be used to make forecasts of water levels, wave heights, flow velocities (rip currents) and dune erosion which aid coastal managers and life guard organizations.
Review and assessment of the cross-border MSP processes in 2 case studies
The MASPNOSE project has experimented with processes for cross-border Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) in two case studies. Thornton bank comprises an area between Belgium and The Netherlands, partly on sand banks located on both sites of the border. Cross-border MSP could aid to address the issue of wind energy, shipping, fisheries management, aquaculture and nature conservation. Dogger Bank comprises an area between the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, Germany and Denmark. Cross-border MSP could aid to address the issue of fisheries management, nature conservation and sustainable energy production. In this report the results are presented of the monitoring and evaluation of the MSP processes in both case studies.