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Best practice guidelines for the integrated planning and design of economically sound and environmentally friendly roads in the Mekong floodplains of Cambodia and Viet Nam : synthesis report
For a number of reasons road development in a floodplain, like the still quite natural Mekong floodplain, requires a different approach to planning and technical design, compared to road development in areas that are not regularly) inundated. On the one hand, floods can severely damage infrastructure including roads, whilst on the other hand, roads and associated infrastructure fragment the floodplains and interrupt the natural flow of water, sediments, nutrients and aquatic life. The underlying question addressed by the ‘Roads and Floods’ project, is how to develop roads in a sensitive ecosystem like the floodplain of the Mekong in a sustainable manner that minimizes the impact on the benefits of the annual inundations and at the same time reduces damage to roads. The main findings of the project are presented in this synthesis report.
Determination of good environmental status : implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive for the Dutch part of the North Sea (background document 2 of 3)
Understanding the present-day morphodynamics of Ameland inlet, part 2
The Kustgenese 2.0 program has resulted in unique high-resolution bed surveys of Ameland inlet. These measurements allow us to (1) investigate, analyse and better understand the morphodynamic changes on its ebb-tidal delta, and (2) to investigate the half-yearly changes in sediment budget. A time series of near yearly ebb-tidal delta bathymetries over the past decade, displays how initial small-scale perturbations in the central part of the ebb-tidal delta (the ebb-chute and shield systems) develop, grow, migrate and start to dominate the developments of the entire ebb-tidal delta. The realisation that small-scale perturbations result in ebb-tidal delta scale relocation of channels and shoals has important implications for the future morphadynamie modelling of the area. These morphodynamic models will have to contain sufficient resolution and detailed processes to capture such distortions. The high-resolution multi-beam data obtained in Ameland inlet provides valuable information on the prevailing sediment transport directions. Such knowledge is essential for the future validation of our process-based sediment transport models. Based on these surveys, we are able to construct sediment transport patterns for the proximal part of the ebb-tidal delta; Borndiep is primarily ebb-dominant and Westgat flood-dominant. These transport directions correspond to the sediment transport patterns derived from the morphodynamic changes. Correspondences in repeat surveys on the ebb-tidal delta confirm that (1) bedform asymmetry is an indicator for bedform migration, and (2) coherent, consistent, bedform fields occur through the various surveys.
The 3D Dutch Continental Shelf Model - Flexible Mesh (3D DCSMFM) : setup and validation
This report deals with the setup and validation of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model (3D DCSM-FM) of the Northwest European Shelf, including the North Sea and adjacent shallow seas and estuaries such as the Wadden Sea and the Eastern and Western Scheidt. The model is developed in D-HYDRO Flexible Mesh and is based on the horizontal schematization of the 2D DCSM-FM model. Unlike this 2D model, 3D DCSM-FM includes temperature and salinity as state parameters. The validation is performed for three configurations of the model, which differ from each other with respect to horizontal resolution, model bathymetry and bottom roughness.
Holistic management of brownfield regeneration (HOMBRE) : decision support system on soft reuses
Often brownfields reuse is considered in the context of hard reuses such as for housing, business parks or infrastructure. Soft end uses, such as green space or biomass production, can tend to be overlooked. However, soft end uses can provide services which enhance regeneration, both in their own right and when integrated with hard uses such as for buildings. HOMBRE (Holistic Management of Brownfield Regeneration) was a major EU FP7 project which concluded in November 2014. One of its outputs is a simple design aid to help developers and others involved in brownfields to identify what services they can get from soft reuse interventions for their site, how these interact and what the initial default design considerations might be. This report is the presentation and explanation on how to use this design aid to better assess and design soft reuse interventions and services within brownfield regeneration processes. We explain and show how we connect services with interventions and the other way around. How to implement this in the regeneration process in order to increase the overall project success and sustainability.
Dynamic behaviour of hydraulic structures, part B : structures in waves
A new sediment budget for the Netherlands: the effect of 15 years of nourishing (1991-2005)
In 1990, the Dutch government decided to halt structural coastal erosion with sand nourishments. This report presents the sediment balance over the period 1990-2005, the first fifteen years of nourishing, in order to establish the results. The overall net sediment budget of the Dutch coast is still negative due to erosion of the lower shoreface and the ebb-tidal deltas (-159.8 million cubic meter). However, the budget shows that the accretionary status of the upper shoreface, beach and frontal dunes has changed to positive. The natural volume trend over the period 1990-2005 is -41.5 mcm. With a nourished volume of 118.6 mcm this zone has a net gain of 77.3 mcm. Especially the Holland coast has a very positive sediment budget: a gain of 23.3 mcm. The conclusion of this study is that the aim of the Dynamic Preservation policy is achieved: coastal recession has been stopped.
Holistic management of brownfield regeneration (HOMBRE) : cost effective monitoring within the Circular Land Management Framework
This report describes the HOMBRE land management and decision guidance framework that integrates the knowledge on the early indicators of impending brownfield formation and the cost-effective monitoring of the different stages of the land use cycle, including the brownfield stage. Starting from the circular land management framework developed within CircUse, the HOMBRE “Zero Brownfields” perspective is worked out. At the base of the HOMBRE framework are a land use cycle consisting of two phases (use and transition) and a land management cycle (that incorporates three phases: anticipating change, planning transition and realisation, and managing realisation). Monitoring activities are specifically related to the first and last of these phases. Decision guidance within the Zero BF framework is based on a multi-faceted analysis of each management phase, aimed at getting a clear understanding of the following aspects that may impact management decisions: Stakeholder roles and responsibilities ; Spatial and temporal scales ; Key choices ; Information needs ; Key obstacles (including potential liabilities).
Knowledge transfer and uptake in design process of flood defences : case of Kinderdijk-Schoonhevensveer
A fine-grained sender-receiver framework for analyzing knowledge transfer and uptake in policy processes was proposed. This framework was applied to the dike strengthening case of Kinderdijk-Schoonhovenseveer, the Netherlands. It can be used for ex-post evaluation.
Method for calculating sediment transport on the Dutch Lower Shoreface
This report describes an offline Sediment Transport Model for the Dutch Lower Shoreface that can compute annual sand transport rates at arbitrary locations along the lower shoreface of the Dutch coast. The approach is based on output of the state-of-the-art 3D DCSM-FM model, wave observations together with a wave transformation matrix for the Dutch coast and a 1DV sand transport module.